The Effect Of Harmonic Distortion To Power Factor

Abstract

Harmonics are parts of power quality problems. According to the definition, harmonic is sinusoidal component of the wave period having frequency being equal to integer multiplication of fundamental component frequency value. Generally, the non sinusoidal waveform at voltage and current which is present in the distribution line, are caused by nonlinier load. Harmonic will be a problem when it is value exceeds related standard. This research was to analysis the effect of harmonic distorsion to power factor, total voltage harmonic and the total current harmonic distorsion on  every distribution bus and every branch. This kinds of nonlinier loads  is 12 pulse converter. Simulation was carried at using EDSA (Electrival Distribution and Transmission System Analysis). The configuration of test system was consist of a - 24 bus balance  industrial distribution system. The harmonic sources were injected at bus 201. The research result showed that the largest harmonic voltage distortion was in the bus 201 with THD_V of 2.62% and which power factor of 0.75 and the THD_V smallest was in the bus 50 with the value of the THD_V as big as 0.48% and the power factor of 0.91. While biggest harmonic current distortion was in the bus 201 with THD_I value of 22.76% and the power factor of 0.77 and value THD_I smallest found in the bus 50 with THD_I value as big as 0.41% and has power factor of 0.90. After evaluated standardly IEEE 519-1992 the value THD_V and THD_I that produced being to still under standard limit. The result analysis showed that there was some effect of harmonic distortion to power factor. This matter was visible from the power factor value that produced low average low that caused by nonlinier load existence that contained harmonic in components or industrial devices.